چکیده

Gertrude Lowthian Bell, known as the uncrowned queen of the desert and adviser to the kings, was a prominent Orientalist, traveller, archaeologist, and adventurer in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century at the zenith of British imperialism. Her life and works have been the subject of several studies in the recent decades following the publication of Edward Said’s groundbreaking book Orientalism (1978) and the subsequent interest of scholars in the Western writers’ representation of the rest of the world. Even though Bell’s Poems from the Divan of Hafiz has recently been analysed in a few articles, the paratextual elements in her book have been mostly overlooked. Drawing on Gérard Genette’s concept of paratextuality and Pierre Bourdieu’s theories of habitus, field, and capital, this study offers a reading of the paratextual elements provided by Bell for her book. This study aims to apply a sociological approach by discussing Bell’s life, education, works, and accomplishments. It argues that Bell intends to establish herself as a prominent Orientalist in the male-dominated Orientalist circles of her time through providing such paratextual elements in her book. It also seeks to unravel the ways Bell establishes an agency for herself and unearth her embedded goals.

کليدواژه ها

Poems from the Divan of Hafiz, Gertrude Bell, Gérard Genette, Pierre Bourdieu, Agency, Orientalism

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Farah Ghaderi , 1398 , Reading Paratextual Elements in Gertrude Bell’s Poems from the Divan of Hafiz , اولين کنفرانس بين المللي مطالعات زبان انگليسي